Barnum's Feejee Mermaid
In the summer of 1842 New York read in the papers that an English naturalist, Dr Griffin, had arrived with a dried mermaid from the South Seas. There was no Dr Griffin — he was Barnum's employee Levi Lyman, and Barnum wrote the letters to the editors himself. The specimen, leased from the Boston showman Moses Kimball, was the upper half of a monkey sewn to the tail of a large fish, one of dozens made by Japanese or East Indian craftsmen in the nineteenth century. Takings at the American Museum tripled. The original most likely burned with the museum in 1865.
The Cardiff Giant
On 16 October 1869 men digging a well on William Newell's farm at Cardiff, near Syracuse, struck a stone man ten feet tall. It cost fifty cents to see, the queue lasted all day, and clergymen argued over whether this was a petrified giant out of Genesis. It had been commissioned by Newell's cousin George Hull, a tobacconist and an atheist who had lost his temper in an argument with a preacher: a block of gypsum hauled from Fort Dodge in Iowa, carved in Chicago, aged with sulphuric acid, stippled with darning needles for pores, and buried a year before it was found. Hull confessed that December. P. T. Barnum, refused the original, exhibited a copy of his own — and the public paid to see both.
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