Urban Legends

Yellow level — mystical places on the map

Something is reported, and nobody is hurt by it: voices, figures, lights, cold, objects that move, cameras and engines that stop working. This is the level most hauntings actually sit at — frightening to be in, and that is all that was ever claimed.

109 placesAbout the danger levels

Ghost sightingDanger level: Yellow

The Gettysburg Battlefield

In three days of July 1863 some fifty thousand men were killed, wounded or lost here — the bloodiest battle in American history. Burials were hasty and many of the dead were never identified. Gettysburg has been called the most haunted ground in the country since; the accounts cluster at Devil's Den and the Rose Farm, where people report hearing orders shouted at night and seeing uniformed figures walking where the lines once stood.

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Anomalous zoneDanger level: Yellow

The Sedona Vortexes

A town among the red rocks of Arizona that people have come to since the 1980s for its "vortexes" — points where visitors hold that the earth's energy surfaces, felt as tingling, dizziness or unusual clarity. Instruments find no magnetic or electrical anomaly at any of them. Sedona lives on it regardless: thousands come each year for the sensation, and most say they got it.

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Anomalous zoneDanger level: Yellow

The Devil's Tramping Ground

A circle some forty feet across in the woods of North Carolina where almost nothing grows. Local tradition has the devil pacing it at night while he considers how to ruin mankind, wearing the ground bare. Objects left inside overnight are said to be found outside it by morning. Soil analysis found a high salt content, probably natural — but the story is easier to test than to believe, and people still camp here to try.

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Anomalous zoneDanger level: Yellow

The Marfa Lights

East of this west Texas town, lights have been watched since 1883: basketball-sized spheres that hang over the desert, split, merge and go out. The cowboy Robert Ellison recorded the first, taking them for Apache campfires. University physicists showed in 2004 that a good share of them are headlights on Highway 67 refracted through layers of warm air. A share — but not all, and it cannot account for the sightings that predate cars.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Lake Iliamna and Its Monsters

Alaska's largest lake, where bush pilots have reported dark bodies over thirty feet long moving below the surface since the 1940s. The Dena'ina knew of them long before and warned against going onto the water alone. Unlike most lake monsters this one has a plausible explanation — belugas or giant sturgeon coming up from the sea — but no specimen has ever been landed.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Cadboro Bay and Caddy

The bay off Victoria that gave its name to the sea serpent Cadborosaurus — "Caddy". Accounts run from the 1930s: a long neck with a horse's head, a humped body, and a speed witnesses call impossible for a seal. In 1937 a carcass about three metres long was taken from a sperm whale's stomach at a whaling station, photographed, and then lost. The photograph is still argued over.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Harrison Lake, Where 'Sasquatch' Came From

The valley of this British Columbia lake gave the word itself: in the 1920s the schoolteacher J. W. Burns collected accounts of forest giants from the Sts'ailes people and rendered their local name as "Sasquatch". In 1957 the council of Harrison Hot Springs seriously voted on funding an expedition to catch one. Sightings are still logged here.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Whitehall, the Official Home of Bigfoot

In August 1976 several teenagers and two police officers independently described a figure over seven feet tall near this town on the Vermont line: covered in hair, red-eyed, and making a cry one officer called "a woman screaming mixed with a pig". The town council later passed an ordinance forbidding harm to Bigfoot within the town limits — legally pointless, and a fair measure of how seriously it is taken here.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Louisiana, Missouri: the Summer of Momo

In the summer of 1972 this town on the Mississippi went through a genuine panic: children said they saw a black hairy figure over six feet tall at the edge of the woods holding a dead dog, and the stench was such that one of their mothers smelled it from indoors. Enough reports came in within a week that the sheriff organised search parties, and the papers named the thing Momo, for Missouri Monster.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Okanagan Lake and Ogopogo

A lake in British Columbia where the creature was known long before Europeans: the Syilx called it N'ha-a-itk and carried a small animal as an offering when crossing the water. Settlers began reporting a long dark humped body in the 1870s. The name Ogopogo comes from an English music-hall song of the 1920s and stuck so firmly that it displaced the original.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Lake Champlain and Champ

The lake between Vermont, New York and Quebec, where a creature called Champ has appeared in accounts since the nineteenth century and, by tradition, since Iroquois times. The best-known evidence is Sandra Mansi's 1977 photograph — a dark curved neck above the water — which experts could neither confirm nor call a fake. Both states have formally forbidden harming Champ, a rare case of a cryptid making it into law.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

The Pine Barrens and the Jersey Devil

A million and a half acres of pine on sand, where a three-hundred-year-old legend of Mother Leeds's thirteenth child persists. In 1735, the story goes, she said in temper that the child could be the devil — and the newborn turned into a winged thing with hooves and a horse's head, went up the chimney, and has been here since. In January 1909 it was reported across the state for a solid week; schools closed, and tracks were found in the snow on rooftops.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Bray Road and the Wisconsin Werewolf

On a country road outside Elkhorn, drivers have reported the same thing since the late 1980s: a large creature covered in fur, standing or running on two legs, with a dog-like muzzle. A local paper gathered the accounts in 1991 and the Beast of Bray Road went national. What sets it apart from the usual Bigfoot story is the face — witnesses insist on a wolf's, not an ape's, and hold to it under ridicule.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Bluff Creek, Where the Patterson Film Was Shot

On 20 October 1967 Roger Patterson and Bob Gimlin shot fifty-nine seconds of film here, showing a large hairy figure walking across a gravel bar and glancing back over its shoulder. That frame is the most recognised image of Bigfoot ever made, and the argument over it has not settled in half a century: some analyse the gait as impossible for a person, others look for the seams of a suit. The place itself is an ordinary creek in the remote forests of northern California, and people still come with cameras.

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CryptidDanger level: Yellow

Fouke and the Boggy Creek Monster

In the area of Fouke, Arkansas in Miller County, southeast of Texarkana, allegedly lives the Boggy Creek Monster. In these sparsely populated, forested hills of the Ozarks, the Boggy Creek Monster, also referred to as the Fouke Monster, has been a legend of the area since the 1840s. This Bigfoot-like creature is said to be about seven feet tall, walks upright, has a smelly, animal-like odor, and is covered with hair. The Arkansas version of Sasquatch or Bigfoot, this hairy beast has a reputation for killing chickens, livestock, and dogs in the area, though has never been known to harm humans. In the late 1860s, the beast allegedly harassed two families living outside Fouke and the legend quickly spread. In 1973, the tale of the Boggy Creek Monster was made into an extremely poor low budget movie called The Legend of Boggy Creek. In 1997, there were more than 40 sightings of the Boggy Creek creature and in 1998, reports said that the hairy beast was seen walking along a dry creek bed about five miles south of town. Whether a legend or reality, the town of Fouke once capitalized on the legend, with signs throughout the town and a gift shop near Boggy Creek that provided Monster souvenirs. Today, Monster Mart continues to cater to tourists with souvenirs. We really had to search for the creek, which we finally found south of town, marked only by a small plaque on the bridge. Boggy Creek Bridge, Arkansas Boggy Creek Bridge, Arkansas, by Kathy Alexander. The Fouke Monster was allegedly last seen near the junction of the Sulphur and Red Rivers.

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Ghost sightingDanger level: Yellow

The House on the Embankment

The grey housing block facing the Kremlin, built in 1931 for the Soviet elite. During the Great Terror people were taken from it at night: of roughly five hundred flats, more than a third were touched by the purges, and some changed occupants several times over. The legends follow from that — staircases with no numbers on the doors, rooms nobody moved into for years, footsteps along the corridors of empty floors. Residents said they heard furniture being moved in the flat next door at night, when nobody lived there. It is still considered the bleakest residential building in Moscow, and it is the case where the ghost story grew straight out of the documented history.

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Ghost sightingDanger level: Yellow

Ostankino and the Crone with the Staff

Ostankino was built on the ground of an old cemetery, and Moscow's most persistent legend attaches to that fact. In the sixteenth century, when the boyar Sotin set out to plough a field here, a hunched old woman with a staff appeared and told him not to disturb those lying in the earth — or misfortune would find whoever did. She has been "seen" before every disaster in the area since; staff at the television centre recalled her in the days before the tower fire of 2000. People mention her matter-of-factly, the way they mention an omen, and almost nobody can say where they first heard it.

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FolkloreDanger level: Yellow

The Site of the Sukharev Tower

The tower stood here from 1695 until it was demolished in 1934, but the legend outlived the building. It housed the School of Mathematics and Navigation, run by Jacob Bruce — Peter the Great's companion, astronomer and engineer, whom rumour turned into a sorcerer. He was said to keep an observatory at the top, to conduct experiments at night, and to have walled a "black book" into the masonry, one that granted power over everything. The book was looked for during the demolition and never found. Bruce's ghost is said to appear on Sukharevskaya Square since, waiting for the tower to be rebuilt.

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FolkloreDanger level: Yellow

The Bad Apartment on Bolshaya Sadovaya

Apartment 50 at 10 Bolshaya Sadovaya — the "bad apartment" of The Master and Margarita, where Woland's retinue takes up residence. Bulgakov lived here in the early 1920s, and the stairwell had its reputation before the novel: residents said people went missing from that flat. After the book was published the entrance stood covered in quotations and drawings for decades — the walls were painted over, the writing came back. There is a museum there now, but the habit of leaving a note for Woland has not gone anywhere, and locals describe the black cat in the courtyard in a tone that is not entirely joking.

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FolkloreDanger level: Yellow

Overtoun Bridge

A Victorian bridge in Scotland from which dozens of dogs have leapt over the decades — some of them more than once. The likeliest explanation is the scent of mink below and a solid parapet that hides the drop.

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FolkloreDanger level: Yellow

Mount Shasta

A volcano in northern California surrounded by perhaps the densest tangle of esoteric legend in America — from Telos, an underground Lemurian city, to reports of glowing objects above the summit.

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FolkloreDanger level: Yellow

Loch Ness

A deep loch in the Scottish Highlands holding more water than every lake in England and Wales combined. Monster reports date from 1933; sonar sweeps and DNA surveys have found no such animal.

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Ghost sightingDanger level: Yellow

Island of the Dolls

An islet in the Xochimilco canals near Mexico City, hung with salvaged dolls for half a century. Its caretaker said he hung them to appease the spirit of a drowned girl; after his death in 2001 it became a tourist pilgrimage.

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Ghost sightingDanger level: Yellow

Highgate Cemetery

An overgrown Victorian cemetery in north London with gothic vaults and an Egyptian Avenue. In the early 1970s a newspaper frenzy about a "Highgate Vampire" drew crowds of hunters to its gates.

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